Hint
|
Answer
|
Russian founder of the Bolsheviks and leader of the Russian Revolution and first head of the USSR; believed in a communist system of government that was administered by a committee of educated experts, making it somewhat different than a Marxist form of society
|
Vladimir Lenin
|
Archduke of Austria-Hungary assassinated by a Serbian in 1914; his murder was one of the causes of WWI because of the combination of growing nationalism in the Balkans and the pre-war alliance system
|
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
|
Concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves; a motivating factor for conflict in southeast Europe due to the growing power of the Austro-Hungarian Empire
|
Self-determination
|
American boat that was sunk by the German U-boats; made America consider entering WWI
|
Lusitania
|
Secret German message to Mexico (intercepted by the US) which offered to return to Mexico the lands it lost in the Mexican-American War; helped trigger the American entrance into the war
|
Zimmerman Note (1917)
|
Lenin's 1921 policy to re-establish limited economic freedom in an attempt to rebuild agriculture and industry in the face of economic disintegration; allowed for limited capitalist measures encouraging individual incentive
|
New Economic Policy (NEP)
|
Theory based on the principles of John Maynard Keynes, stating that government spending should increase during business slumps and be curbed during booms; also advocated for cutting taxes in order to encourage consumer spending as well
|
Keynesian economics
|
Fascist leader of the Spanish revolution, helped by Hitler and Mussolini; was victorious during the Spanish Civil War
|
Francisco Franco
|
General and leader of Nationalist China after 1925. Although he succeeded Sun Yat-sen as head of the Guomindang, he became a military dictator whose major goal was to crush the communist movement led by Mao Zedong.
|
Chiang Kai-shek
|
Leader of the Indian independence movement and advocate of nonviolent resistance. After being educated as a lawyer in England, he returned to India and became leader of the Indian National Congress in 1920.
|
Mohandas Gandhi
|
A movement that calls for unification among the peoples and countries of the Arab World, from the Atlantic Ocean to the Arabian Sea; it is closely connected to Arab nationalism, which asserts that the Arabs constitute a single nation; grew in scope after the creation of the mandate system after WWI
|
Pan-Arabism
|
A region of the Middle East commonly known as "the Holy Land"; the Balfour Declaration stated that this region should become a permanent home for the Jewish people, but left unresolved how to combine the Jews with the Palestinian people
|
Palestine
|
An event in which Gandhi led a march over 240 miles to protest the British monopoly on salt in India; proceeded to make salt at the beach
|
Salt March
|
A nationalist leader who fought to end oppressive laws against Africans; later became the first Prime Minister of Kenya
|
Jomo Kenyatta
|
A national protest in China in 1919, in which people demonstrated against the Treaty of Versailles and foreign interference; seen as a movement that helped make communism a possible alternative to the nationalist government
|
May Fourth Movement
|
The 6,000-mile (9,600-kilometer) flight of Chinese Communists from southeastern to northwestern China; the Communists, led by Mao Zedong, were pursued by the Chinese army under orders from Chiang Kai-shek; perseverance shown by Communists helped endear themselves to many Chinese peasants
|
Long March
|
Austrian-born founder of the German Nazi Party and chancellor of the Third Reich (1933-1945); his fascist philosophy, embodied in Mein Kampf (1925-1927), attracted widespread support, and after 1934 he ruled as an absolute dictator
|
Adolf Hitler
|
Great British prime minister who advocated peace and a policy of appeasement; signed the Munich agreement with Hitler that awarded the Nazis the Sudetenland with assurances the German aggression would end
|
Neville Chamberlain
|
(Night of the Broken Glass) November 9, 1938, when mobs throughout Germany destroyed Jewish property and terrorized Jews
|
Kristallnacht
|
Hitler's expansionist theory based on a drive to acquire "living space" for the German people
|
Lebensraum
|
The non-aggression pact was an agreement between Hitler and Stalin not to attack each other; this allowed for German victories in the west without worries of the east; broken by Hitler's invasion of the USSR in late 1941
|
German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact
|
A policy of making concessions to an aggressor in the hopes of avoiding war.; associated with Neville Chamberlain's policy of making concessions to Adolf Hitler
|
Appeasement
|
A northern industrial province in China, invaded by the Japanese in 1931; from here the Japanese would launch an invasion of mainland China beginning in 1937
|
Manchuria
|
American legislation that allowed sales or loans of war materials to any country whose defense the president deems vital to the defense of the U.S.
|
Lend-Lease Act
|
Unsuccessful German attack on the city of Stalingrad during World War II from 1942 to 1943, that was the furthest extent of German advance into the Soviet Union. Each side sustained hundreds of thousands of casualties; Germany's defeat marked turning point in the war.
|
Battle of Stalingrad (1942-1943)
|
June 6, 1944 - Led by Eisenhower, over a million troops (the largest invasion force in history) stormed the beaches at Normandy and began the process of re-taking France; the turning point of World War II in Europe
|
D-Day
|
A military strategy used during World War II that involved selectively attacking specific enemy-held islands and bypassing others; used primarily by American forces in the Pacific theater against the Japanese
|
Island Hopping
|
Declaration of principles issued by Winston Churchill and Franklin D. Roosevelt in August 1941; used as a prototype that would be used as foundational documents for the United Nations
|
Atlantic Charter
|
A noted British statesman who led Britain throughout most of World War II and along with Roosevelt planned many allied campaigns; he predicted an iron curtain that would separate Communist Europe from the rest of the West.
|
Winston Churchill
|
"Lighting war", typed of fast-moving warfare used by German forces against Poland in 1939
|
Blitzkrieg
|
Process in which more powerful ethnic group forcibly removes a less powerful one in order to create an ethnically homogeneous region
|
Ethnic cleansing
|
The contentious political process by which a state may break up into smaller countries due to ethnic and cultural differences
|
Balkanization
|
The killing of more than 500,000 ethnic Tutsis by rival Hutu militias in 1994. The conflict between the dominant Tutsis and the majority Hutus had gone on for centuries, but the suddenness and savagery of the massacres caught the United Nations off-guard. U.N. peacekeepers did not enter the country until after much of the damage had been done.
|
Rwandan Genocide
|
Serbian leader who initiated a policy of ethnic cleansing against Bosnian Muslims during the 1990s
|
Slobodan Milosevic
|
Bolshevik revolutionary, head of the Soviet Communists after 1924, and dictator of the Soviet Union from 1928 to 1953; he led the Soviet Union with an iron fist, using Five-Year Plans to increase industrial production and terror to crush opposition
|
Joseph Stalin
|